A New Light On Immigration - 1410 Words

A New Light on Immigration As of recent news, Barack Obama brings controversy to the public giving the opportunity to 4 million undocumented citizens to gain citizenship in the United States. Steve Breen brings about a controversial topic in his article â€Å"Living In the Shadows†; whether immigration brings destruction or improvement in the United States. He includes the articles â€Å"Diversity and Pioneer Spirit of Immigrants Made U.S Great† written by Enrique Morones and â€Å"Costs of Illegal Immigration Are Threat to Lives, Economy† by Brian Bilbray, which provide two different perceptions on the subject of immigration. While Morones advocates for humane immigration reform, supporting the traditional United States, Bilbray discourages illegal†¦show more content†¦Bilbray on the other hand is more convincing in his idea of â€Å"amnesty† . He claims it is the unclear attitude of congress that has created the allusion illegal immigration is acceptable. Like Morones, he too agrees that current border circumstances are dangerous, as of August â€Å"the murder of 72 illegal immigrants who were seeking passage to the U.S. â€Å" and on December 15 â€Å"the murder of Border Patrol Agent Brian Terry.† making clear of the idea becoming a threat for those migrants and the protection we pay for to prevent tragic events like these from happening. Both articles exhibit strong arguments on their take of immigration reform and one can agree there needs to be a better solution to meet the needs of both opposing sides. However, some points were made unclear and was apparent that our curiosity would prompt us to find out more. We needed to know real facts other than statements about the truth behind false assumptions about immigrants and whether they were truly beneficial to the United States economy and overall well being. To improve my knowledge on the subject of immigration, I researched how education correlates with the speaking of the English language amongst immigrants. In the book, â€Å"Closing the Educational Gap: Benefits and Costs† by Georges Vernez, Richard A. Krop and C. Peter Rydell, it is believed that the education contained by immigrants ,once they traveled here, has

Euthanasia And Healthcare Workers Essay - 2415 Words

Euthanasia means different things to different people. The definition provided by www.euthanasia.com states that euthanasia is â€Å"the intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit. (The key word here is intentional. If death is not intended, it is not an act of euthanasia)†. There are several key definitions listed on the euthanasia site such as voluntary euthanasia, involuntary euthanasia, assisted suicide, and euthanasia by action or omission. There are those who feel that euthanasia is an act of compassion at the end of ones life, while others such as www.euthanasia.com state that they â€Å"are committed to the fundamental belief that the intentional killing of another person is wrong.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Like Judaism, Christianity teaches that God endowed human life with intrinsic value. From the first century A.D. to the twentieth century, virtually all Christians condemned suicide as a means of e scaping the suffering that afflicts human beings. This accounted for the uniformity of opinion throughout Christendom about the virtues of extending human life and enduring suffering when death approached as an essential part of Gods providential plan for each and every individual. Once Christianity became more widespread, it is easy to see that the trend moved towards saving each and every person’s life, even to the detriment to the quality of life experienced before death. Early Christians built hospitals and cared for the sick, while many monks became Hippocratic physicians and continued the Hippocratic tradition through the Dark Ages (Reville 2010). Largely driven by Christian ideals, medicine and nursing spread throughout the world, and remained under this Hippocratic-Christian consensus until the 1950’s (Reville 2010). In fact America began to get its first taste of a shifting public opinion on euthanasia in 1915 when a doctor by the name of Harry J. Haiselden allowed a severely deformed baby to succumb to death rather than perform surgery (Dowbiggin 2003). This sent shockwaves across the country and marked a milestone for opening up future dialogue between AmericansShow MoreRelatedThe Euthanasia And Assisted Suicide1505 Words   |  7 Pageschild of the ill or elderly parent has to decide whether their mom or dad should go forward with active euthanasia, could also cause some issues amongst the family. Euthanasia and assisted suicide is a way for family members and friends to be able to say their goodbyes to their loved one and know that they won’t be suffering for much longer. First, this essay is going to explore what euthanasia and assisted suicide is, and what the laws are in Canada involving this topic. 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International Economics Journal Production -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Economics Journal Production? Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this report is the assessment of the effectiveness of Time Driven Activity Based Costing method which can be applied in an organization from a view point of agraduate who is entering a managerial firm. The report assumes that the main client of such management firm is Bowral Limited, a leading manufacturing brand of Australia. The first part of the report will be providing a brief overview of the client company Bowral Limited and then the report will be introducing the concept of Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) (ker zyapici, 2013). Then the discussion will be moving to the salient features of Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC). The next part will focus on the differences and similarities which exists between TDABC, activity Based Costing and Traditional Costing Method. The report will finally be concluding with the assessment whether TDABC is appropriate for the client company which is Bowral Limited. Overview of Bowral Limited Boral Limited is a multinational firm, which is engaged in supplying raw material and in construction business of building materials. It has its headquarters in Australia however, it also operates in USA and Asia. In 2017, the sales of the organization has been 4.39 billion AUD and the employee base of the organisation has been 16,000 working across 700 operating sites approximately (Boral.com.au, 2018). There are three operating divisions in Boral, which include Boral Australia, USG Boral and Boral North America. The company has a lot of individuals employed in these three operational divisions of the company. For this particular report, Boral Australia has been selected, in which the management is planning to implement TDABC within the organisation. The main products of the organisation include concrete, quarry, asphalt. Cement, concrete placing, bricks, roofing, masonry, softwood and hardwood timber. This division of the organisation is a main supplier of materials and products to the commercial and residential construction along with roads and engineering marketing. Time Driven Activity Based Costing(TDABC) and Its Characteristics The method of Activity Based Costing Method has a lot of flaws in the process. In order to overcome the flaws of general activity based costing, TDABC method was developed which is proven to be simpler, cheap and highly convenient in comparison to general Activity Based Costing method. In details, TDABC method saves time by eliminating the interviewing process and surveying of employees for apportionment of resource cost to various activities thereby ensuring that the complexity of the overall costing process is removed (Tanis zyapici, 2012). The costs objects of the company can be in the form of orders, customers and products. TDABC method is efficient in apportioning the costs to various resources. The following process is conducted with the help of well designed framework requiring two groups of estimates and the method also ensures that the costing process is free from all complexities. The key features of TDABC method are discussed below: TDABC is associated with calculating the cost relating to supply of resource capacity. For example, an area of Bowral limited of Australia which is engaged in handling customer orders can use the method of TDABC. TDABC method calculates the cost which are associated with supervision, equipment, technology supplied and resource personnel. The method segregates the total cost of the company on the basis of time available for the workers and the method calculates cost capacity rate (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). TDABC system is related with utilizing capacity cost rate to drive the costs of resources of the department to cost objects by formulating the resource capacity demand which is essential for all cost objects. TDABC requires a projection of time on the basis of which an estimate can be made for the order of the customers. However the requirement of matching every customer order is not necessary under TDABC method. Instead, the method allows the time estimated to vary depends on specific demands which are required. These orders could be manual or automated orders, expedited orders, global orders, orders for fragile products and orders of the new customers not having any existing credit record. for particular orders. Hence, this system simulates the actual procedures utilised in carrying out work across the organisation. The method removes the complexities and variations which are present in conventional ABC system without creating exploding demand in relation to data estimates and stor age or processing capacities. Therefore, through TDABC implementation and maintenance Bowral Limited can avoid the complexities which are involved in the traditional ABC costing method or any other method of costing, thereby making the entire costing structure effective and efficient. Differences among TDABC, ABC and Traditional Costing Methods The TDABC method and ABC method were both developed in 1980 and the person who is credited with the findings of these two methods is Robert Kaplan. Before the introduction of the above mentioned two costing methods, the companies applied traditional method of costing which was not that much efficient in allocating and identifying costs on the basis of cost objects of the company (Elhamma Zhang, 2013). Thus a new method was required which could deal with the deficiencies of the traditional costing method. With the introduction of the new methods, the company can now measure the costs which are associated with each and every activity of the business. Both the methods ABC costing and TDABC costing have proven effective in calculating the cost of the business and also the overall profitability of the business. This would enable in benefitting the firms by collecting reliable and rightful information through realisation of the cost drivers. Some of the cost drivers constitute of the foll owing: Quantity Drivers which are on the basis of quantity, however such driver are not that much accurate. Duration Drivers which measures durations which is mildly accurate. Intensity Drivers which has greater accuracy and also increased expenses. Traditional Costing Method Traditional Costing methods involves allocation of overhead costs on the basis of volume of production resources which is consumed. Under this method the overhead cost is either allocate don the basis of direct labour hours or on the basis of machine hours used. The problem which is associated with this method is that the overhead cost may be much more than the allocations therefore a minor change in the volume of overhead can influence the whole of overhead applied. Since this factor is involved in the traditional method, direct relationship between the overhead cost and volume of production is direct (Meyer et al., 2013). The traditional accounting system does not apportion non-manufacturing expenses, which are associated with the production of an item such as administrative expenses. The firms use this costing system mainly in external financial reports, since value is provided for the overall cost of goods sold. Nowadays traditional costing system has become obsolete in the system of costing, as most of the work processes uses machines and computers. The introduction of more machinery and computers in the manufacturing process has outdated the traditional costing system as the method uses direct labour cost for allocation purposes. In addition to this if the management of a company uses Traditional costing method then it could lead to ineffective management decisions. Activity Based Costing Method Activity Based Costing tackles the deficiencies of traditional costing method and also ensures that the proper cost distributions is done by the management. The bases of apportionment which the system uses are different from the bases used in the Traditional system of costing. In addition, ABC system considers each activity associated with the production of an item along with distribution of activity cost. The cost allocated to each activity is allocated further to the products necessary for the overall production activity of the business (Phillips Phillips, 2016). The main advantage of using Activity Based Costing Method is in the fact that the company which applies ABC costing method is able to achieve greater costing accuracy. The companies allocate cost to the products only which is necessary for the production activity of the business. This system eliminates the allocation of product costs, which are not relevant (Schulze, Seuring Ewering, 2012). The other benefits of the ABC system which takes the interpretation of cost for internal management and greater understanding of the costs associated with overhead in consideration. The introduction of Activity Based Costing in a business requires lot of extensive resources (Rbabah, 2013). However, this could be a drawback for the firms having lower amount of funds. Finally, there might be few users, who could misinterpret information by using this particular system. However this situation is very much rare in nature (Emblemsvg Bras, 2012). Time Driven Activity Based Costing Methods (TDABC) TDABC methods looks into the few problems which are associated with the Activity Based Costing Method. This is an important development and is considered better than traditional as well as ABC method of cost allocations. The benefits which are associated with using the TDABC method are given below: TDABC system of Costing can work in collaborations with other systems such as enterprise resources planning and customer relationship management (Nguyen Aiello, 2013). The main advantage of using this method is the fastness of the method for processing higher amount of transaction. This system provides notification to the workers about the unused resources and allow the management to act accordingly. Lastly the method can be started without appropriate ERP system implementation, which can be used to analyze the costs of the company. Benefits of Implementing TDABC in Bowral Ltd As per the assessment of TDABC system and in comparison with the other two models, it could be found that TDABC model is highly appropriate for Boral Australia. The reason is that the system provides higher visibility to capacity efficiencies and usage along with the capability to estimate future resource demand. Boral ltd has a large number of rivals in Australia with Adelaide Brighton Cement and also has a large number of competitors in foreign countries as well, it needs to cut down its cost of production. TDABC system will enable Bowral ltd in gaining a level of competitive advantage by allocating indirect or support cost in a way that the resulting information of cost reflects a rightful overview of human resource management consumption and resource needs on the part of customers and services of the firm. Bowral can manage the resources effectively and also gain competitive advantage by following activity based costing (Van Der Aalst, 2013). In addition, it is important to take into considerations the TDABC method has provided on online services compared to those provided through traditional channels affecting management decisions. TDABC method has a wide impact on the online services of the company and thus will enable the management of Bowral to extend the market of the company. For online services, the management of Boral would have cost-related data likely including higher indirect costs from being a traditional provider with higher amount of labour (Andersson Titov, 2014). Thus from the above discussions it is clear that the company Bowral Limited will benefit with the introduction and implementation of the TDABC method. Conclusion Thus from the above analysis it is clear that with the implementation of the TDABC method the business of Bowral ltd will benefit extensively. In addition, TDABC system could work in collaborations with the system of customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning. Finally, it has been evaluated that TDABC model can be highly efficient and effective if the method is properly implemented and maintained for Boral Australia. Reference Andersson, G., Titov, N. (2014). Advantages and limitations of Internet?based interventions for common mental disorders.World Psychiatry,13(1), 4-11. Boral.com.au. (2018).Homepage | Boral. [online] Available at: https://www.boral.com.au/ [Accessed 6 Jan. 2018]. Elhamma, A., Zhang, Y. I. (2013). The relationship between activity based costing, business strategy and performance in Moroccan enterprises.Accounting and Management Information Systems,12(1), 22. Emblemsvg, J., Bras, B. (2012).Activity-based cost and environmental management: a different approach to ISO 14000 compliance. Springer Science Business Media. Meyer, V., Becker, N., Markantonis, V., Schwarze, R., Van Den Bergh, J., Bouwer, L., ... Hallegate, S. (2013). Assessing the costs of natural hazards-state of the art and knowledge gaps.Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,13(5), 1351-1373. Nguyen, T. A., Aiello, M. (2013). Energy intelligent buildings based on user activity: A survey.Energy and buildings,56, 244-257. ker, F., Ad?gzel, H. (2016). Time?driven activity?based costing: An implementation in a manufacturing company.Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance,27(3), 39-56. ker, F., zyapici, H. (2013). A new costing model in hospital management: time-driven activity-based costing system.The health care manager,32(1), 23-36. Phillips, J. J., Phillips, P. P. (2016).Handbook of training evaluation and measurement methods. Routledge. Rbabah, A. (2013). The influence of company characteristics factors to activity based costing system implementation.Journal of Education and Vocational Research,4(2), 36-46. Schulze, M., Seuring, S., Ewering, C. (2012). Applying activity-based costing in a supply chain environment.International Journal of Production Economics,135(2), 716-725. Tanis, V. N., zyapici, H. (2012). The measurement and management of unused capacity in a time driven activity based costing system.Journal of Applied Management Accounting Research,10(2), 43. Van Der Aalst, W. M. (2013). Business process management: a comprehensive survey.ISRN Software Engineering,201

A Cup of Hot Tea free essay sample

A cup Of Hot tea Tea is a kind of drink. We get It from leaves. Now-a-days it Is popular drink in the world. where grows: Tea grows well in the hilly places where rain water can not stand at all. It grows in Bangladesh, India, China and Japan. In Bangladesh it grows well in the hilly areas Sylhet and Chittagong. How grown: Tree plants grow seeds. Seeds are shown in March; seedlings are planted In rows five feet apart. They are regularly prunced and allowed to grow only four or five feet high. How gathered: When tree lants are four years of age, leaves are plucked three or four times a year. The leaves are first dried in the sun and roested in fire. Thus the leaves are ready for use and sale. How prepared: At firest water Is boiled in a pot. Tea leaves are put Into boiling water. We will write a custom essay sample on A Cup of Hot Tea or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After three or four minutes it Is poured into cups through a sieve. The suger and milk is mixed with it. Thus it becomes a good drink. usefulness: Tea is a useful drink to us. Refreshes body and mind. Gives us energy to work. It also helps us o keep awake. Taking tea three times a day Is healthy for healt While gossiping with our friends and relatives we can not heardly think without a cup of hot tea. It brings a new mood of gossiping And In our country it is an important crop also. Demerites: Tea is not always good for healt. Too much of it is bad for health. It kills our hunger. The Importance of tea In our national economy Is very great. It Conjunslon: brings a good deal of foreign money every year. So we should take care of better production of tea.

Media Research free essay sample

Analyzes social theories (Marx, Weber, Durkheim, Chomsky) related to studies on impact of media forms content on cultural consciousness. The purpose of this research is to examine the research methods and theoretical emphases of studies of media forms. The plan of the research will be to set forth theoretical tensions that appear to arise between competing paradigms of media-form research, noting the various assumptions that various theories impose on their practitioners, and then to discuss how the research methods and theoretical emphasis of ethnographers, which focus on social relations, social context, and social meaning, might contribute to a new understanding of cultural forms on one hand and to a reformulation of theoretical frameworks usually applied in the study of media forms and practices on the other. To study media forms might seem like a relatively straightforward enterprise, with analysis and research varying most prominently with the medium under consideration. But this is. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

The Alliance Defense Fund Essay

The Alliance Defense Fund Essay The Alliance Defense Fund Essay Those who are suing say that hours after the president's announcement, the rule was finalized in its original form. "The administration's so-called compromise is inadequate. Legally, it does not exist," said Gregory Baylor, senior counsel for the Alliance Defense Fund, who is representing Geneva. "If it happens, we will welcome it. But we are not optimistic." The lengthy rule says that the federal agencies "plan to initiate a rulemaking to require issuers to offer insurance without contraception coverage to such a [faith-based] employer ... and simultaneously offer contraceptive coverage directly to the employer's plan participants ... who desire it, with no cost-sharing." One outstanding concern has been the many religious agencies that already avoid state mandates through self-insurance. Speaking on background, an Obama administration official said "the administration will work with faith-based organizations, insurers and other interested parties to develop policies that respect religious liberty and ensure access to preventive services for women enrolled in self-insured group health plans sponsored by religious organizations. We will start in the upcoming days by convening a series of meetings with faith community leaders to explore solutions. ... so that the ultimate outcome works for religious employers, their workers and the public." The Alliance Defense Fund maintains that there is no such thing as free insurance, so that the religious employers would

Interaction and Usability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Interaction and Usability - Essay Example Implementation 10 7 Evaluation 19 7.1 Cognitive Walk-through 19 7.2 Heuristic Evaluation 19 8 References 20 Appendix 21 A.1 Interview with the Owner 21 A.2 Document Analysis 23 A.3 Observation of Brit Drive 23 A.4 Questionnaire for Receptionists, Instructors and Pupil 24 A.5 Cognitive walk-through 26 A.6 Heuristic Evaluation 27 A.7 Scenarios 28 A.8 Task Analysis 30 1. Introduction Brit Drive is a small driving school, situated in the north of London. With the help of certified and experienced instructors, the school offers driving lessons at affordable prices. The target market of Brit Drive consists of those people from the locality who want to learn how to drive. Brit Drive holds lessons for nearly 20-30 students each day. The duration of a daily lesson varies from one to four hours. The school has four cars (of which one is automatic) where each has a lease duration of two years. 2. Discovery Methods 2.1 Primary Research The initial user research was conducted through four discove ry techniques: interviews, observations, questionnaires and document analysis. Since the company has a small staff team, it was easy to conduct the primary research. Interview with the Owner An interview with the owner, Timothy Goode, made it possible to gain a basic understanding of the existing system, its primary and secondary users and its environment (See Appendix A.1 for the interview). The questions revolved around the users and their roles in the Brit Drive system. Document Analysis The company’s data is paper-based and resides with Timothy. With Timothy’s permission, it became possible to analyze the data that is stored in the existing Brit Drive system (See Appendix section A.2 for the analysis). Observation By spending a day at the school, a first hand observation of the Brit Drive’s environment and daily operations became possible (See Appendix section A.3 for the findings). Questionnaires: To analyze the computer skill level, problems and requiremen ts of the receptionists, instructors and the pupils, a questionnaire was formulated. Each questionnaire had open and closed questions. (See the questionnaire and findings summary in Appendix A.4). 2.2 Secondary Research Based on the facts collected in the primary research, the main users that will directly interact with the system are the owner and the receptionists. The instructor and the pupil are the secondary users of the system (Wang n.d.). The main users fall into the category of novice (Helander et al. 1997) as they are general computer users. And since the system is to shift from legacy to digital, the users would have no syntactic and limited semantic knowledge of the overall application. In such cases, a simply designed interface is the only option. Since, all the tasks the receptionists perform can also be performed by the owner, easily memorized shortcuts can be used as a standard for a task. Once the users become frequent users, these shortcuts will not only ease the sy stem learning process but will also help during the rush hours. 3. User Needs Analysis 3.1 Persona According to the common traits, system has four user categories which leads to four personas; the owner, receptionist, instructor and the pupil (Wang n.d.). The persona skeletons from the previous section, are then prioritized according to their importance to the system (Wang n.d.). From the four personas, the owner and the

ENGLISH NEED ASAP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ENGLISH NEED ASAP - Essay Example The way Capote places the murder facts in order, and the way he manipulates with the starting and ending of the novel, is what makes this novel unique. Suspense is there, as Capote has made the opening of the novel very interesting by hiding the reasons Perry and Dick were driving to Holcomb, Kansas. Capote shows Floyd Wells, in the Kansas State Penitentiary, listening to the radio news about the Clutter murders. The reader finds it exciting that Floyd was shocked to hear the news because he had been acquainted with the Clutters for many years. The bodies had been discovered by one of Nancy’s friends who went to the Clutters’ house to check why they had not yet got prepared for church. She had found an eerie silence inside the house, and had shockingly discovered the four bodies in different parts of the house. Capote has told the reader about the Clutters’ death before depicting the actual scene, which increases the reader’s interest. This is how Capote h as colored the opening with a sense of impending doom. Prompt 2 Throughout the novel, Truman talks about the backgrounds of different characters, especially the victims, and the murderers, Perry Smith and Dick Hickock. Capote has described the life summaries of the criminals, to let the readers know about the bad times they had been through. Although the reader feels a little sympathetic toward them, but that does not justify their morose deed of taking other people’s lives (Capote 77–91). Perry is shown to have had a miserable life, with his siblings, without parental care. Dick was a mental patient. When they were caught, and were shown the evidence of the case, the reader feels some sympathy for Perry, who wanted to take the responsibility of all four murders when actually Dick had killed two of them, but Perry wanted so because according to him, he was sorry for Dick’s mother. According to him, â€Å"I didn’t realize what I’d done till I heard the sound. Like somebody drowning. Screaming under the water† (Capote 244). Perry changes his confession to take responsibility for Dick’s murders too. This means, by one way or another, that criminals are also human beings, who feel for each other, especially of their own kind. They also possess a feeling of sympathy and sacrifice, though they cannot be supported in any way. Moreover, both Dick and Perry were patients of mental illness. This makes the readers think as to whether the same laws of punishment should have applied to them, or they should have been given some relaxation. Prompt 3 The protagonist is a character that rules the story, and whose character develops throughout the novel without regard to whether his character was based on good or evil. This definition goes against human conception of a protagonist being a good person always. However, the realistic realm of life has it that evil persons dominate the good ones, no matter their ending is doomed. Bas ed on this fact, this novel also highlights the characters of Perry Smith and Dick Hickock, who are actually the murderers of the Clutter family. We read Capote talking about and highlighting their course of actions throughout the novel, right from the beginning till the end. The reader can easily understand that Perry and Dick are the protagonists of Capote’s novel. The reader reads that Dick and Perry had tried to steal a car but had failed. Finally, they succeeded in stealing a car, and went to the Kansas City. They

The signs of Drug Use in Children and impact on famlies Research Paper

The signs of Drug Use in Children and impact on famlies - Research Paper Example with having educational experience prompts children in testing their ability to adapt, beginning peer relationship or support system, and achieving academic expectations. As a result of insurmountable amount of stress and anxiety, children and students succumb to drug/substance use as a way to deal with academic pressure and expectations. According to Doweiko (2012), the 40% to 60% incidences of drug and substance use among children, adolescents, and college students explains the occurrence of accidents, sexual assault cases, fights, losing life, and poor academic performance (292). Therefore, it is essential to identify the different medical models explaining addiction and how it is applied among children, to early recognize signs of drug use among children, and to determine the impact of drug use among children on the families. Medical model rests on the assumption that disease states are the result of biological dysfunction, either on cellular or molecular level. Under the medical model, drug use is considered as a disease because it presents loss of control, progression of symptoms, and potential to cause death. However, clinical research had not support the medical model and had been excluded in the substance abuse rehabilitation. Genetic inheritance theories explain that one has genetic predisposition towards drug use; however, children with genetic predisposition will lose the tendency to succumb to drug use if they never begin to use alcohol or drugs. Thus, genetic predisposition might be a contributing factor of drug use among children but not the only reason why children go to use of drugs. Scientists linked cAMP response-element-binding protein (CREB), ∆FosB, and variant of  µ opioid receptor site to the promotion of drug use among children (Doweiko, 2012, 336). The biological differences theories state that the predisposition to go onto drug use differs in terms of metabolism, biotransformation, and acting (Doweiko, 2012, 337). Researchers also

Yeast Culture Lab: Background Information

Yeast Culture Lab: Background Information In the laboratory, yeasts are stored, maintained cultivated with the help of few elementary methods. Yeasts, being a group of unicellular organisms taken care of similar to those of most bacteria except that their nutritional environmental requirements vary. Yeast: These  are microorganisms  having cells with membrane-bound nuclei .Yeasts are unicellular and its size may vary greatly depending on the species. Yeasts have asexual and sexual reproductive cycles and most of them reproduce asexually by budding. Yeast culture: Yeast culture composes yeast in the form of dry product over a media dried over in order to safeguard the fermenting activity of the yeast. The process of fermentation creates metabolites, which is in fact an advantage of yeast culture. The bacterial activity gets stimulated resulting in an increase in digestion of feeds by the bacteria as their number grew. This increase in numbers can result in more nutrients from the feed being available acting as a source of energy. Reproduction: The natural process supports life as it produces new progeny individual  organisms from their parents. Each individual organism exists due to this biological process. The process involves two methods of the following types:  sexual  and  asexual. Sexual reproduction requires two individuals of opposite sex to involve during the sexual course. However, the asexual reproduction do not any requires involvement of another individual as it can reproduce with the division of a bacterial cell into two daughter cells. Consumption: It is simply the process of taking food into the body through the mouth. However, reproduction is a function of consumption. When an organism goes under reproduction, its consumption must be adequate to provide the supplementary nutritional support because this biological process needs additional resources for future survival. Death in Population: The processes that change the size of populations are birth, death and movement into and out of that population. The science of ecology is not just about understanding nature but often also about predicting or controlling it. In the life history of the unitary organism, as time passes and the post reproductive phase arrives death happens due to senescence which is the organic process of growing older. The individual of different ages do contribute to births in population. As per the static life table, we assume the rates of birth and death to be constant. However, the fecundity of individuals also changes with their age contribute to births in the population as per age-specific fecundity schedules. Further, understanding the cohort life table for annuals tracks a single cohort from the first birth to the death of last survivor. Aim of the Experiment: Let us understand the process of manufacturing Bakers Yeast by implying fed-batch culture in order to reduce the contamination. Procedure: The production of Bakers yeast involves a series of aerobic stages for the development of inoculums. The process involves eight stages. The first three stages are aseptic as the pure culture for initial inoculums are used. However, open vessels are used to carry rest of the stages. Pumping of yeast from one stage to the other as well as the seed cultures being centrifuge and washed before transfer reduces the level of contamination. During the later stages, which involves fed-batch systems, ensures better yield. The development of inoculums for the commercial production of Bakers yeast involves PC 1, 2, 3 as pure culture batch fermentations. F 1 2 is non-aseptic batch fermentations. F 3 4 is fed-batch fermentation F5 is final fed-batch fermentation leading to yield of Bakers yeast with minimal contamination. Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to understand the process of producing Bakers yeast with the removal of contamination to its minimalism. It involved the fed-batch culture to describe batch cultures fed with a medium without the elimination of culture fluid. Materials and Methods: Molasses, Chemicals like sulfuric acid Ammonium Sulphate, Ammonium Phosphate, Ammonia, Sodium Chloride, Antifoaming, Potato Starch, Emulsifying agent and Sodium Hydroxide etc. Profile on productions of Bakers Yeast Retrieved from http://www.southinvest.gov.et/Publications/SSNPR%20draft%20Profile/B/%20Bakers%20Yeast.pdf The fed-batch fermentation system follows as shown in the figure below. The Vitaminpros website, diagram retrieved from (http://www.vitaminpros.com/beta-1-3-d-glucan.htm) Discussion: The diagrams of different population dynamics inclusive of: Phases of population growth after disaster Limitations of environmental carrying capacity (while it is high) Limitations of environmental carrying capacity (while it is low) Habitable site dominated by population decay We could easily figure out that factors, which regulate the size of a population, may not determine its size for most of the time instead; responses may change over changing levels of resources. Population  growth  cycle: As we have studied, the density-dependent birth mortality rates lead to the regulation of popular size. When both are density dependent or either of them, then, the two curves cross. The density at which they do is carrying capacity. The population graph involves four phases: Lag Phase: Here, the yeast settles in the environment. Logarithmic Phase: Until this phase, they wait for the favorable conditions to grow, consume reproduce. As they find the proper consequences, they grow exponentially. Stationary Phase: This phase is only temporary as reproduction begins to cause their environment to deteriorate to where the death rate begins to overtake the birth rate. Death Phase: During this phase, the environment becomes very toxic with their excrement results in their death. Carrying Capacity: its effect Carrying capacity is the population level of an organism that persists given the quantity of life supporting infrastructure available to it. In a situation where numbers of an organism are below the carrying capacity of its environment, its birth rate will amplify. If the population exceeds the carrying capacity, the death rate will increase until the population numbers are stable. Carrying capacity increased by the discovery and exploitation of new resources (such as metals, oil or fertile uninhabited land) and decreased by resource exhaustion and waste buildup, for example declining soil fertility and  water  pollution. The ecological concept of carrying capacity helps to determine a sustainable population level. The Energy flow in Biogeochemical Cycle: We must understand the pattern of energy flow for forest, grassland, plankton community in sea small ponds. It helps us to understand relative roles of live consumer and decomposer systems. We will observe that the decomposer system is responsible for majority of secondary production and the live consumers have greater role in open-water aquatic communities. If we discuss the flux of energy matter through ecosystems, we will come across various cycles: The phosphorus cycle The nitrogen cycle The sulfur cycle The carbon cycle They act as global pathways of nutrients between the abiotic reservoirs of atmosphere, hydrosphere lithosphere and the biotic reservoirs consist of terrestrial aquatic communities. In general, the snapshot of the entire process goes like this. The figure Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/65875/biogeochemical-cycle Conclusion: The natural processes works in harmony and any effect or changes in the functionality or behavior of one process will have a direct or indirect influence on other natural phenomenon. The Hypothesis accepted as per the successful completion of the experiment mentioned above, as the amount of contamination in the Bakers yeast produced was minimal. References Coleman, B. (1996). Additives for Horse Feeds. Retrieved from Website: http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca    Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition), Individuals, Populations, Communities Ecosystems Retrieved from (Chap. 5, pp. 145-153) Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition), Individuals, Populations, Communities Ecosystems Retrieved from (Chap. 5, pp. 145-163) Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition), Individuals, Populations, Communities Ecosystems Retrieved from (Chap. 5, pp. 145-163) Stanbury, P.F.,Whitaker,A.(1995).Principles of fermentation technology,2nd edition Retrieved from (chapter 6, figure 6.2) Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition), Individuals, Retrieved from Populations, Communities Ecosystems (Chap. 9, pp. 288) Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition) Retrieved from Individuals, Populations, Communities Ecosystems, (Chap. 5, pp. 170, fig. 5.21) Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition) Retrieved from Individuals, Populations, Communities Ecosystems, (Chap. 11, pp. 368, fig. 11.7) Townsend, C.R. (2008). Essentials of Ecology (3rd Edition) Retrieved from Individuals, Populations, Communities Ecosystems, (Chap. 11, pp. 381, fig. 11.16)

Brazil Why We Fear the 20th Century Essay -- essays papers

Brazil Why We Fear the 20th Century Why We Fear The 20th Century In the early 1980's, a vision of dystopia was lying in the mind of Terry Gilliam. That vision was his future film Brazil to be written by Tom Stoppard, Charles McKeown, and himself. The movie was filmed in Wembley, England by Lee International Film Studios. After being a remarkable success during its release in Europe in 1984, Brazil had much more difficulties with its release in the United States. Terry Gilliam had previously signed a contract with Universal Studios for an expected 132-minute movie. Brazil, as released in Europe was 142 minutes long. Universal Studios took this opportunity to edit the film as they chose to make it a more marketable film from their perspective. Unfortunately for Terry Gilliam, this meant that they would completely reconstruct the meaning of the movie. He quickly took to doing his own re-editing of the movie to fit it in the 132 minute prerequisite and turned it over in January of 1985. Once this was done, Universal Studios no longer had the right to change Gilliam's movie and instead insisted on not releasing it. Infuriated by his work being put on the shelf, Terry Gilliam took out a full-page advertisement in Variety magazine with the words: Dear Sid Sheinberg,when are going to release my film 'BRAZIL'? Although this advertisement did not get his film released it did create quite a stir among the Los Angeles movie critics. In fact, they were so curious about the movie that the film was played privately in their homes and getting fantastic reviews. The movie did so well, that it ended up winning Best Picture, Best Screenplay, and Best Direction. With much reluctance and little advertising, Universal Studios to released the movie in December of 1985. (http:home.sol.no~frittz) This final release is what still holds the fans of today. Every frame of the movie is speaking to its audience about the issues surrounding the twentieth century and particularly the late seventies and early eighties. It can speak so well of the entire century because the setting itself is unclear about when the events of the film are occurring. In the opening sequence to the movie, 8:49 pm (pause) somewhere in the 20th century, appears across the screen. The people are dressed in 1930's fashions using technologies, some of which are beyond the ... ...ther, who wore the hat, was the ‘perfect’ individual in Brazil’s society. She spent lots of money and felt the government was doing a wonderful job by making it possible for her to think about nothing but her plastic surgery. Reagan not only increased the gap between the classes, he dramatically increased peoples urge to buy because it was the popular thing to do. America’s government was frighteningly close to the Ministry of Information when it came to pushing products. Slogans about buying and being American were one and the same. Brazil tackles an enormous amount of concerns about progress in the twentieth century. Those issues included: government control, the internet, invasion of privacy, separation of classes, consumerism, and technology. Though the specifics of the issues were different between decades, they were always on the forefront during this century. In about two hours, Terry Gilliam managed to name them all. Though Brazil itself seems very detached from the real world, the amount of parallels is astonishing. Overall, Gilliam encourages awareness. That progress and its brothers are not inherently evil but that they must be controlled, cared for and attended to.

Analysis Essay

I. Frethorne, Richard. On Indentured Servitude. Edited by Howard Zinn, Anthony Arnove. New York, NY: Seven Stories Press, 2009 II. Frethorne talks about his miserable experience to be an indentured server. He writes the letter to his parents and describes the horrendous conditions he is in. Frethorne states some vital facts. He also writes that people who suffer as indentured servants are willing to lose either leg or arm but to move back to England. According to Frethrone he is working on plantation somewhere in Virginia that is located about ten miles away from Jamestown. He is begging his parents to either send him some money for good living or help him to return to England. Richard Frethorne emphasizes that his life depends on his parents and he hopes that his family is doing fine. III. Richard Frethorne’s letter provides and illuminating picture of the hardships of colonization in the early seventeenth century, especially for the class of indentured servants. Combating isolation, disease, homesickness, hunger and discomfort, Frethorne and his fellow settlers struggled to make a success of their fledgling community. Life in early Virginia was particularly challenging because of the shortage of supplies, the prevalence of disease, and tense relations with the Native Americans. The source is relevant to our course because it describes the social issue that was discussed in our class. Indentured servitude was cheaper for the rulers of British Empire before the moment when indentured servants became capable of surviving the seven-year period and acquiring the land that was promised to them. After that moment slavery of African Americans was demanded. IV. This source influences the interpretation of the historical narrative by providing extra information about the real situation in the colonies. People in England thought that indentured servitude was not a dangerous thing and was an easy way of claiming some land in America. However, Frethorn’s letter to his parents proves the opposite of what was thought. By provided examples of harsh conditions he states that all the servants who already arrived to America had desire to move back to England. He has no money to live. He is starving and afraid of the Indians invading, he begs his parents to hurry up and help his soon for his life depends on it. Of course there is possibility of poor Frethorne to exaggerate because the letter was addressed to his parents; therefore, he has a good discretion of what it might have been like to live  in New England at the time he was there in 1623. Indentured Servitude was a form of slavery but with a better name instead of calling things wit h its names.

Antigone Reaction Essays

Antigone Reaction Essays Antigone Reaction Essay Antigone Reaction Essay Essay Topic: Antigone Abstraction This paper explores the relevancy of the secret plan and theatrical elements of the great Grecian calamity. Antigone. It explains how even though Antigone was written 1000s of old ages ago it is still of import today ; it is a drama that all can associate to in some manner. It besides discusses my personal reactions to the drama: what I liked. what I didn’t like. and what I thought could hold been done otherwise for the betterment of the drama. Antigone was written as the last drama in a trilogy of calamities. As one of the last leftover thirty-one dramas from Ancient Greece. Antigone contains a secret plan and theatrical patterns that were non merely apprehended and relevant dorsum in the yearss when it was written but that are besides appreciated and relevant now. In the drama. Antigone breaks the jurisprudence by giving her brother a proper burial even though her male monarch. Creon. has deemed him a treasonist. She is caught in the act. and. as her penalty. forced into a cave where she will hunger and decease. Her bride-to-be. Creon’s boy. implore Creon to let go of her. but Creon will non. Merely after the visionary tells Creon that if he does non save Antigone the Gods will take retribution does Creon travel to Antigone’s cave to let go of her. Unfortunately. Antigone has already killed herself. and so has Creon’s boy. out of bosom interruption. The overall subject of this play-to base up for what one believes is right-morphs as the secret plan goes on. At first. we see Antigone: a immature. strong miss making what she thinks is right ( burying her brother ) even though she knows it’s against the jurisprudence. Throughout the secret plan. she stands by her determination. even when faced with her ain death. She neer stops standing up for what she believes is right. King Creon. on the other manus. starts off believing that non burying the treasonist brother is right. and anyone who defies his order should. rightfully. be put to decease. He stands by this belief. even when the culprit is his son’s bride-to-be. But one time he finds out that the Supreme beings are non pleased with is determination to go forth the brother unburied and to penalize the sister. his belief rapidly adapts. His character and his belief of right and incorrect alterations. demoing the 2nd portion of the theme-what you believe is right may non ever be right. and you need to be prepared to cover with the effects. These subjects are portion of what makes the drama relevant throughout the ages. Another portion of what makes the drama relevant throughout the ages are the theatrical patterns. Since it’s a Grecian calamity. there are some theatrical patterns that are outdated or non used in modern dramas. such as the Chorus. However. the linguistic communication. costumes. sets. illuming. and other proficient elements used are simple plenty that any theater could easy bring forth this drama. All they’d have to make is animate the sort of frock that was worn in Ancient Greece. This drama leaves rather a spot to the imaginativeness of the manager. histrions. and interior decorators. For illustration. it neer describes the set in extreme. minute item. This menas that the interior decorators can do the set expression merely about anyhow they want every bit long as they stick to the general lineation of where the scene is taking topographic point. Besides. it neer describes the characters in minute item. This means the histrions and managers can portray the characters nevertheless they wish every bit long as they stay true to the characters personality. As a reader. I really much enjoyed this drama. The subject is one that all can associate to and larn from. It’s carried throughout the drama really good. doing the lesson and overall lesson of the drama easy to larn. The lone thing that could hold been done otherwise to do the drama better. in my sentiment. would be to give more description of the set and characters. Then. the reader could visualize them better. but the histrions could still picture them nevertheless they see fit. Even though Antigone was written 1000s of old ages ago. it’s plotline and theatrical patterns make it relevant and relatable today. That is what makes this great calamity such a great authoritative.

Italian Preposition Da - Preposition Da in Italian

Italian Preposition Da - Preposition Da in Italian In its simplest form, the Italian preposition da means from in English. It’s used in time expressions, in which case you may translate it as since or for. Here are the most common ways to use â€Å"da† in Italian. Common Ways to Use â€Å"Da† 1) To indicate an an action that began in the past and is still going on in the present. You would use the construction of present tense da time. Da quanto tempo leggi questa rivista? - How long have you been reading this magazine?Leggo questa rivista da molto tempo. - Ive been reading this magazine for a long time. 2) To express the equivalent of the English phrase at the house of: Vado da mio fratello. - Im going to my brothers house.Vado da Filippo. - Im going to Filippos house.Andiamo dai signori Rossi. - Were going to the Rossis house.Arrivo subito da te. - I’ll be right over to your place. 3) To indicate origin or source Vengo da Torino. - I come from Torino.Vengo dalla Francia. - I come from France.È tornato dalle vacanze. - He’s back from vacation.È tornato dagli zii. - He’s back from his aunt and uncles house. This also occurs In surnames: Francesca da Rimini; Leonardo da Vinci In correlation with the prepositions a and : si à ¨ trasferito da Roma a Firenze (movement); cadere dalla padella nella brace (figurative) 4) To indicate the worth or price of something: Voglio un francobollo da cento lire. - I want a 100 lire stamp.È una casa da poco prezzo. - Its a house of little worth.Unautomobile da dieci milioni - A ten thousand million dollar car 5) To indicate a location, place (stato in luogo) Ti aspetto dallavvocato. - I’ll wait for you at the lawyer’s office. 6) To indicate cause, reason (causa) Piangeva dalla gioia - To cry from joy 7) To indicate time Non lo vedo da molti anni. - I haven’t seen him in years. In correlation with the preposition a: lavorare dalla mattina alla sera - to work from the morning until the evening Other Ways to Use â€Å"Da† Here are some other ways to use â€Å"Da† 1) To indicate movement through a particular point (moto per luogo): Sono fuggiti dalluscita di servizio. - They escaped through the service exit. 2) To indicate separation (separazione, allontanamento): I Pirenei dividono la Spagna dalla Francia. - The Pyrenees divide Spain from France.Non riesce a staccarsi da quegli amici. - They can’t get away from those friends. 3) To indicate means, method (mezzo): Giudico le persone dai fatti, non dalle chiacchiere. - I judge people from facts, not from gossip. 4) To indicate purpose, ending (fine): Carte da gioco - Playing cardsSala da pranzo - LunchroomSpazzolino da denti - ToothbrushAbito da sera - Evening dress 5) To indicate an attribute (qualit): Una ragazza dagli occhi azzurri - A girl with blue eyesUn uomo dal cuore doro - A man with a heart of gold 6) To indicate a way, matter, mode (modo): Agire da galantuomo - To act like a gentlemanTrattare da amico - To treat as a friend 8) As a predicative (predicativo): Fare da padre - To act as a fatherFungere da presidente - To serve as president â€Å"Da† With Infinitives Followed by a verb in the infinitive, the preposition da introduces the following clauses:  » consecutive clause (proposizione consecutiva): Ho (una) fame da morire. - I’m starving.Fa (un) caldo da impazzire. - It’s so hot!  » final clause (proposizione finale): Dammi un libro da leggere. - Give me a book to read.Che cosa vuoi da bere? - What do you want to drink? Phrases Using â€Å"Da† The Italian preposition da is used to form prepositional and adverbial phrases, such as: Da parte di - A part ofFuori da - Outside ofDi qua da - Further on from/This side ofDi l da - On the other side of/BeyondDa vicino - Close/CloselyDa lontano - From afar/From far awayDa capo - Start over (from the top)/Start anewDa parte (from somebody) -  Of youDa parte (to save something) - (Put) AsideDa meno - For less...Dappertutto - Everywhere Prepositional Articles With Da When followed by a definite article, da is combined with the article to give the following combined forms known as prepositional articles (preposizioni articolate: Le Preposizioni Articolate Con Da PREPOSIZONE ARTICOLO PREPOSIZIONI DETERMINATIVO ARTICOLATE da il dal da lo dallo da l' dall' da i dai da gli dagli da la dalla da le dalle

Cyber Terrorism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cyber Terrorism - Research Paper Example Even though the benefits from a common global cyber system are many, the vulnerability of such a system cannot be overlooked. Due to the inclusion of millions of people, proper vigilance on their activities becomes impossible. Thus, the high probabilities of occurrence of cyber crimes exist. This vast database of information comprising of profiles and strategies of companies, details of financial deals between banks or even highly confidential facts about government organizations may at any time be exploited to serve the malicious motives of â€Å"cyber criminals and espionage agencies† (â€Å"Cyber Attack†) â€Å"Cyberterrorism is the convergence of terrorism and cyberspace. It is generally understood to mean unlawful attacks and threats of attacks against computers, networks and the information stored therein, when done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people in furtherance of political or social objectives†. (Gordon and Ford, 4) An attack that causes harm to people or property and leads to mass fear can be considered as cyber terrorism. Examples of this may be attacks that result in water contamination, plane crash, physical injury or death, explosions or massive loss to property or infrastructure. However, attacks that lead to the disruption of trivial services or activities cannot be labeled as cyber terrorism. In the month of April of 2007, Estonia was paralyzed by a series of such attacks that completely rattled the economy. A host of important websites including the Banking sector, the Business sector and the Government sector were targeted by these cyber attack s. Ultimately, it resulted in the collapse of virtual linkages between most of the towns and cities of Estonia and the rest of the world. Immense monetary damages were incurred, the citizens had to face inconvenience and disturbances in conducting their day-to-day activities and some institutions had to be simply shut down. This incident represented the high level of vulnerability of the internet. (â€Å"Cyber Attack†) This is just one among the many incidences of cyber crimes that take place all around the world each day. The types of these crimes are as diverse as its causes and thus, produce a range of effects. Forms of Cyber Terrorism: In the 20th century, the internet has emerged as the favorite weapon of mass destruction as well as a convenient means of communication for terrorists. A research has found that the various terrorist groups and organizations make regular use of the internet and the information available on it to carry out attacks on the integrated software system and people, to communicate with the world and to plan and support the different acts of terrorism. The advantages that the global internet offers as a weapon of terrorism are manifold. Firstly, it can be accessed from any place, irrespective of the country, city or locality of a person. These days, the net can be accessed even through cellular phones. Secondly, the use of internet to carry out an attack produces quicker results, within the span of a few seconds. And, finally, the greatest advantage is that the attack cannot be traced back to the guilty as

Please choose the relevant title for my report Essay

Please choose the relevant title for my report - Essay Example Total quality management refers to designing an organizational environment where there is continuous improvement and delivery of high quality products to customers. Total quality management methods are strongly associated with techniques utilized during quality control. Quality is all about achieving superior degree of excellence. It is dependent on wide range of factors such as grade of service or product, safety, reliability, customer’s perception and consistency. There are various definitions of quality like conformance to specifications, fitness for usage, value for price, psychological criteria and supporting services. Dimensions of quality usually vary across service and manufacturing organizations (Tamimi and Sebastianelli, 2008). Service organizations exhibit higher quality level through consistency, atmosphere, friendliness, responsiveness, tangible factors and promptness. On the other hand, manufacturing firms possesses quality dimensions in the form of specification conformance, durability, performance, features, serviceability and reliability. The quality term has sustained since many years but there are changes incorporated within its definition. In business organizations, the quality concept was drastically altered during 1970s. The time frame between 1970 and 1980 resulted into US industries losing their market share due to intense foreign competition. Honda and Toyota supposedly became the largest players in automobile industry. Manufacturing firms during time period of 1970.

STUDENT FREEDOMS Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

STUDENT FREEDOMS - Research Paper Example The first amendment of the constitution provided that â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances† (The Pocket Constitution: U. S. Constitution – Amendment 1, 1995). It gives the citizen their rights to express themselves and gives them the right of speech. This freedom has been envied by many people all over the world as only a handful of countries allow their citizens such rights. However, one of the main concerns in today’s world is the misuse of the rights given to them. In schools students use this rights to break the school rules stating that it is indeed their constitutional rights to express themselves as they want. The constitution did provide us with the freedom of speech and press, but it is not right to take this freedom and say anything we want anywhere, at anytime. Freedom should be used but in no way should it be mis-used. The freedom of speech should be limited in public school as students need to adhere to the school rules and to maintain social stability, racial harmony and to protect the students from dangerous influences which can hamper their academic growth. Many people who are against banning freedom of expressions in school argues that censorship should not be done as the banning of ideas, thoughts and information in any stream is unconstitutional as the first amendment guarantees freedom of speech and the press. History has shown us time and again that man is an animal if not regulated by rules and regulations. If students are given the freedom to do what they want regardless of the school norms and regulations, the society as we know it will be chaotic. Freedom should not be taken for granted and should not be misused. Freedom of expressions should be limited in schools to maintain law and order. It should also be kept in mind that too much freedom for students can be a dangerous thing. Limiting the freedom of expressions in school makes sure that dangerous ideas, ideologies, philosophies and outlook does not disrupt the students. School rules and regulations are also solely motivated by morality and also the belief that exposure to too much negativity in any streams causes students to behave in a destructive ways. Schools have the right to discipline their students if the students behave in a vulgar way which can disrupt the harmony or influence the students in a negative way. One of the famous cases regarding schools right is Frederick v Morse.  Joseph Frederick, who was a senior at Alaska Douglas High school, sued his school for suspending him for 10 days. Joseph Frederick, put up a 14 long chart at an Olympic torch relay in 2002. His banner read â€Å"Bongs hits 4 Jesus† He was suspended by the then high school Principal Deborah Morse for violating t he school policy. The principal stand point was that Joseph Frederick violated the school policy by â€Å"promoting illegal substances at an event sanctioned by the school†Ã‚  (Free Speech Rights of Students: The Issue: When May Administrators in Public Secondary Schools and Colleges Restrict the Speech of Students?, n.d.). The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals sided with Frederick based on the First Amendment rights. However, Kenneth Starr filed a petition for cert at the Supreme Court. In June 2007, a verdict was announced on the

Histroy of English Language Essay Example for Free

Histroy of English Language Essay History of English language will explain, why learning English as a second language is difficult without proper instruction, even though basic components are same. Throughout its history English has been influenced by the varieties of language. Living languages never remain static. Every language is the product of change and continues to change as long as it is spoken. Only dead languages like Latin or Sanskrit change no longer, since no one speaks them now. The changes, while they do occur are gradual and slow and hence almost imperceptible. Over a span of centuries, however, their cumulative effect is appreciable. Shakespeare English is difficult for modern readers; Chaucer’s is almost is incomprehensible without formal instruction. The History of the English language: The origin During the Roman invasion, the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. English belongs, in all its stages, to the Indo European family of languages, formerly called Indo-Germanic, and still earlier Aryan. Indo European is the name given to the set of linguistic forms from which nearly all European languages as well as those of Persia and very large part of India can be shewn to descend. The historians have used the word Indo-European because it merely suggests that the languages it comprises cover most of the Europe and India mark the length of its confines. The predominance and pioneering s of the position of the German Philologist English is one of the most important languages in the world today. More the an 350 million people in Great Britain are native speakers. In addition 150 million non-native speakers of English are there. English however is not spoken by large number of people in the world . Chinese, for instance spoken by more than 880 million people in China alone. Among the western languages English has the advantage in numbers. Spanish in spoken by about 210 million people. Russian is spoken about 200 million people Portuguese is spoken about 105 million people etc . Importance of a language is associated with political role played by the nations using it and their influence in the international affairs. Several reasons may be adduced for current importance and popularity of English. Historically the colonial expansion of the British Empire over which the sun never sets, was responsible for the imposition of the English on aspiring natives. Even after achieving independence many countries like Nigeria, India, Ghana continue to use English as official language for several reasons. The nature of the English language and its tolerance to change has made it very popular. One of the major assets of the English language is the mixed character or its vocabulary. English being the Germanic descent has many words from the Germanic languages viz, German Dutch, Flemish, Danish, Scandinavian, Swedish, Norwegian. It also shares a large number of words with the European languages derived from Latin viz,French Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. Hence English seems very familiar to anyone who speaks a Germanic and Roman language. Instead of making new words chiefly by the combination of existing elements, English has shown the marked tendency to go outside its own linguistic resources and borrow from other languages. These words have been so well assimilated into English the no one ever remembers or recognizes that they have been borrowed. Any etymological dictionary will show that English has borrowed from almost every language of the world; Hebrew Arabic Hindi Tamil,Malay,WestAfrica,Chinese,Brazil etc. This is the reason why we call English a cosmopolitan vocabulary which is an asset to any language which seeks to attain international use. Modern linguists therefore accept the dynamic nature of language. One of their axioms is that there are no pure forms of language, for language, for languages keep changing all the time. If English had remained pure over the centuries, we should still be speaking the language of Chaucer. Throughout the history, the English language has accepted with comparative equanimity words from other languages with which it has been in contact. There have been periods in which speakers and writers have indulged in large-scale use of foreign words. In general, most people will agree that the foreign contribution to English has been useful. Some languages avoid as far as possible the use of alien terms; instead they substitute new words made up of native elements. English however, has always accepted foreign words. Many hundreds of words of non-English origin are now part and parcel of the English vocabulary, indistinguishable from the native stock except to those with some knowledge of etymology. Of all the world languages, English has probably the vocabulary which is the most copious, heterogeneous and varied, at the same time this also one of the reason that learning English as second language becomes difficult. All the people, with whom its speakers have come in contact during more than thirteen centuries of its growth, have left permanent marks on the language. Some of the contacts have been deep and lasting like Greek, French and Latin. A study of the history of the English language, therefore, unfolds the panorama of English history-both social and political. With an empire over which sun never sets, the English language has been particularly open to foreign influences. The Romans with whom the ancient Germanic tribes had dealings, the Romanized Britons, the Latin fathers of the church who were once eagerly studied the Danish and Norwegian invaders, the Norman French conquerors, the revival of ancient Latin and Greek classics at Renaissance, the Italian artists and men of letters of the 16th century the colonizing nations of the same century—all these have made their contributions to the English language. Arab mathematicians from Spain have enriched the language: so have American Redskins and Indian sepoys. The Italianate Englishman of Queen Elizabeth’s time of whom Shakespeare made fun and famous writers like Dryden, Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift have left something of value in the English word—hoard. It is no doubt, that such statement might fairly be made about other language and their history; but what stands out so remarkably about English is the abundance, the unparalleled variety and the length of the time during which foreign influences have been effective. Further, no other language has so much copious and heterogeneous material. In historical linguistics the contribution of particular foreign language to another is referred to as borrowing . In common parlance, ‘borrowing’ means getting something form somebody on the understanding that it is to be returned. Luckily, this definition does not apply to words which are borrowed, never to be returned. Linguists wonder whether ‘stealing’ might be a more appropriate term for this phenomenon. As Haugen says† The borrowing takes place without the lender’s consent or even awareness and the borrower is under no obligation to repay the loan. One might as well call it stealing, were it is not the owner is deprived of nothing and feels no urge to recover his goods. The process might be called adoption, for the speaker does adopt element from a second language into its own. Even though English language has adopted variety of languages into it, the basic structure of the English language has not changed. English language’s basic structure is, it has fixed word order. Due to more than two hundred years of English rule, Tamil has borrowed copiously from English. Now these words are not recognized as foreign at all. One hears an uneducated Tamil speaker use words like office school, ticket, gate, bus etc. In fact, practically no one remembers the Tamil equivalent of these words. The problem arises for the second language learners only when they were asked to use the language or reproducing it. Tamil is Dravidian language spoken by more than 65 million people. It is the official language of Tamil nadu state in India and one of the official languages of Srilanka also. Large Tamil-speaking communities also reside in South Africa,Singapore, Malaysia and the other Indian ocean islands. The earliest Tamil inscriptions dates from 200B. C. The literature in the language have a 2,000-year history. There are 247 letters in the Tamil alphabet. The 247 letters in the Tamil alphabet can be divided into 12 vowels 18 consonants, 216 vowel consonants and 1 special letter. The vowel consonants are formed by combining the vowel letters and consonants letters. The vowel-consonants letters also have long and short sounds. The History of English is divided into three ages. Old English, Middle English and Modern English. There are 26 letters and 44 sounds, in that there 6 pure vowels and 18 diphthongs and 20 consonants in English language. Compared to Tamil language English has less number of letters ,but ironically language that has 247 letters(Tamil) has limited in terms of vocabulary, but English language that has 26 letters has million words. According THE HINDU newspaper which published an article duirng 2006, The department of Tamil language in the University of Madras has benn revising, enlarging and updating the Tamil lexicon. During 1924-39, the University of Madras had Published the Tamil Lexicon in seven volumes comprising 124,405 entries. Such a dictionary was pioneering venture in the pre-independence period. Prof. Vaiyapuri Pillai had played a huge role in the complication and publication. There have been persistent demands for updating and expanding the lexicon. The many social, political and technological changes in the six-decade period have direct bearing on the Tamil language. It is in this background that the Department of Tamil language of the Madras University had out forth its plan to revise enlarge and update the lexicon. The present Tamil lexicon, under preparation ,will come out in 10 volumes, comprising atleast 500,000 entries ,will be bilingual in nature and at the same time render the meaning chronologically. On top of the vast difference in the number of letters in their alphabet, the Tamil language also differs in many grammatical items compared to the English language. The earliest period of English was formerly called as ANGLO SAXON. The history of English language is divided into three main periods . They are old English (from earliest writings till 1100) Middle English extends from about 1100A. D- 1450A. D, from 1450A. D till date its Modern English. The English language is spoken or read by the largest number of people in the world, for historical, political and economic reasons. First and foremost feature of English language is its extraordinary receptive and adaptable heterogeneousness-the varied ease and readiness with which it has taken to itself material from almost everywhere in the world and has made the new elements of language its own. Throughout its history English has accepted with equinamity words from other languages with which it has been in contact. Foreign elements with ease and assimilated them all to its character. Though it is copiousness of vocabulary is outstanding. A second outstanding characteristic of English is simplicity of inflexion-the ease with which it indicates the relationship of words in a sentence with only the minimum of change in their shapes or variation of endings. A third quality of English is its relatively fixed-word order. An inflected language like Latin or Russian can afford to be fairly free in the arrangement of its words, since the inflexions show clearly the proper relationship in the sentence and ambiguity is unlikely. Of all world languages, English has probably the vocabulary which is most copious, heterogeneous and varied. All the peoples with whom its speakers have come into contact during more than thirteen centuries of the growth, have left permanent marks on the language. Some of the contacts have been deep and lasting like those of ancient Rome and France. Others have been casual like those of Spain or Czechoslovakia. During the Roman invasion, the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. While the Roman soldiers in town used Latin, the Britons in the countryside spoke Celtic. Later this was replaced by English. The history of the English language in Britain begins with the settlement of the Angels, Saxons and Jutes in Brtian. These three tribes came from the plains near Schelswing Holstein in North Germany. They had to encounter varying degrees of hostility from the Celts. For mutual protection the tribes combined into small kingdoms. The most important among these were: Northumbria, Mercia. East Anglia, Wessex, Sussex, Essex and Kent. Under King Alfred Wessex enjoyed the leadership in learning. The English language of today reflects many centuries of developments. The political and social history of England has exerted a considerable impact on the language. The Christianizing of Britain in 597 brought English into contact with Latin civilization and many Latin words were added to the English vocabulary. Then the Scandinavian invasion resulted in considerable two people and their languages. For two centuries after the Norman Conquest English remained the language of the lower classes. When English once more gained importance, it had been considerably changed from what it was in 1066. In a similar way the Hundred Years War, the rise of an important middle class, the Renaissance the development of the British empire, the growth of commerce and industry, science and literature have all contributed to make the English language what it is today. In short the English language reflects in its entire development the political, social and cultural history of the English people.

Pure Luck :: English Literature Essays

Pure Luck During a warm and lucid evening in September my life would change forever. Something like this does not just happen to anyone; fate decides who deserves such a wake up call. That seemed to be the last night I expected a scene so horrifying to happen because the vibe of the whole evening was uplifting. Everything seemed perfect since everyone happened to be in that happy-go-lucky mentality. We did not expect the events that were to follow later that evening. I heard the restlessness in his voice. â€Å"You got a light?† Steve questioned with eagerness. He was not the only one with the anxious tone to his voice. I hooked him up with that so needed light to calm his nerves a little. We were on an excursion to one of the greatest places in the world: New York. Steve, Dennis, and I had planned this journey for several weeks now. Our anticipation grew immensely. The outing was to a club in New Rochelle which would be a new experience for all of us. Riding in the car seemed ominous. â€Å"Na man, you gotta take the exit for the George Washington Bridge,† I nearly screamed at Steve when he almost took the wrong exit, which would have put us in a position we absolutely did not want to be. â€Å"Alright, DICK† he sarcastically replied. After what seemed like an eternity we hit the right exit and it put us down the road from the club. We arrived, jumping furiously out of the car and hauling ass to the line at the front of the club. At the club there were many DJ’s and live acts that I looked forward to catching. Fortunately I got to see most of them. The experience was quite a relief after that car ride. The inside of the club appeared amazingly pleasing to the eye. The surroundings were the most comfortable of leather couches and a balcony over the main floor that was humongous. More than two hundred people occupied the balcony alone: drinking, talking, and staring awestruck at the sights, which included a thirteen foot tall glass case housing two six foot long iguanas and two sixteen-foot long Burmese pythons. After a few hours the party ended and patrons dispersed including my friends and I. Once outside, the masses gathered around handing out flyers that would most likely end up with a new home on the sidewalk.

Free Essay on Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Adventures Of Huck Finn "The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me; but it was rough living in the house all the time.... so, when I couldn't stand it no longer I lit out into my rags and was free and satisfied, but she always took me back." Huck is having trouble adjusting to living with the widow. He is accustomed to living free in the woods, without worrying about possessions, language, or cleanliness. Chap.1: pg.4 "Pretty soon I wanted to smoke and asked the widow to let me, but she wouldn't." This is just another example of Huck losing his freedom, as on his own he would have done what he wanted to. Chap.1: pg.6 "And then I put out the light and scrambled out of the window on to the shed." Huck is exercising his longing for freedom by going out at night with Tom. Chap.2: pg.6-12 Tom and Huck encounter Jim whose freedom is taken away because he is a slave. Huck joins Tom's gang and they plan to take people's freedom away by holding the m for ransom. Chap.3: pg.12 "Well, I got a good going-over in the morning from old Miss Watson on account of my clothes." This in part why Huck wants his freedom, of doing what he likes, because they want to civilize him. Chap.4: pg.16 "At first I hated school, but by and by I got so I could stand it. Whenever I got uncommonly tired I played hooky..." Huck doesn't like being caged in school, but begins to like it because when he gets tired of it he can take a break anyway. Ch.5: pg.19-23 Huck confronts his father who spends some time with the judge and stops drinking, but begins again. So, as his freedom isn't taken. Ch.: 24 "So he watched out for me one day and catched me and took me up over the river." Hucks father once again takes his freedom away, but he gets it back by living the good life in the woods, for a while. Ch.7: pg.32 Huck escapes from his father by making it look like he was murdered; he now has total freedom. Ch.8: pg.

Every child is special Essay

Every child is special. Every child has its own personality. Every child tries to endeavor and focus best in its life. Primarily, every child has its own dreams. But the main factor to ponder is, for us to understand his/her dreams. And the truth is, we lack stability, patience and understanding as far as the child is concern. The movie, Every Child Is Special, was about a certain child named Ishaan Awasthi. Ishaan was a talented child; he can think outside the box and paint with such passion and creativity. But he was not understood by his teachers, he was only thought of as a mischievous and a very naughty boy. He was often called an â€Å"idiot, duffer, lazy and crazy†, even his parents didn’t understand him. They only thought that the boy was misbehaving because he did not want to go to school. It is perhaps the structure and restrictions of the normal expectations of the school system that rub him the wrong way, because one day, after having been punished by being sent by the teacher to stand in the hallway, he goes AWOL and wanders the streets, savoring the exciting sights of tourist-film India. He appears to be somewhat hyperactive. If his parents attempted to have him tested, it may be that he never sat still long enough to get a diagnosis. After finding out that Ishaan will be kicked out of school after the school year, his parents decided to send him to a boarding school where Ishaan suffered more from his strict teachers. These incidents crushed Ishaan’s confidence in him and he became depressed, very depressed. He did not speak to anyone, not even to his mother or his brother. No one would even try to help him because they did not try to understand him. Luckily he met Ram Shankar Nikumbh, the temporary art teacher, saw himself in Ishaan, he stayed persistent to help Ishaan in his studies and his life. Through his unconventional teaching methods and graceful presence, Ishaan’s attention was caught up. Ram did everything to understand Ishaan’s problem in reading and writing, he consulted Ishaan’s parents and told them that Ishaan has dyslexia, wherein he finds it hard to recognize letters and numbers. I love where he tells Ishaan’s father that in the Solomon Islands, villagers don’t chop down a tree when they want to clear land, but curse and hurl abuses at it, and the tree withers and dies soon after. Ram helped Ishaan in every way, first he gave Ishaan a confidence boost so that he will not be afraid to express  himself, and then, he also gave Ishaan lessons in writing, reading and in math. Ram taught Ishaan using different methods, he made learning fun by applying games to his lessons. Gradually, Ishaan begun to improve in his studies, he has now little trouble in reading, he can right properly and can solve math problems. Teaching should not only be done in one way, we should use different ways to teach our students because each and every one of us has a unique and special talent. It is also good to understand the needs of our students, let them be free – free to imagine, free to learn in their own special way. Listen to your students opinions and learn from it. Somehow the movie touched in an exceptional way and it broke my heart seeing that the dear people that child thought would understand him were the very ones who judged him and failed to understand his problem. But I cannot really judge the parents though, all they wanted was the best for their child that is why they tried so hard to push him and discipline him at the same time. It tug the heartstrings and at the same time gives hope that having dyslexia is not a desperate and in hopeless situation. To help the students, family support, teacher’s patience and love is needed, so with the interesting and enjoyable teaching and learning strategies should be employed. The theory of multiple intelligences in education plays an important role here and that can be a vessel in informing the teachers and most importantly the parents for them to assist their children. With time, patience and care, he ultimately helps Ishaan find himself and the harsh father realized his child’s wo rth and needs.

The Effects of Affluenza on Our Fragile Environment Essay Example

The Effects of Affluenza on Our Fragile Environment Essay Example The Effects of Affluenza on Our Fragile Environment Paper The Effects of Affluenza on Our Fragile Environment Paper This problem will cause the sea levels to rise and as a result thousands of homes will be underwater never to be lived in again. Affluent is usually described as an endorsement of the flow of wealth that causes a division of classes, and loss of financial, environmental and emotional balance. Graff, Wan and Anally, 18) In persons, symptoms Of affluent are addiction to work and anarchy; jack of confidence; hopelessness; a loss of enthusiasm and an artificial sense of power. Affluent may come with obsessive conducts. Affluent is prevailing throughout the world: in individuals who have assets. Affluent is an important reason of environmental change, scarcity of biodiversity and the heritage of leaving offspring. (Science Magazine, 29) _ Impacts of Affluent on Environment_ Defining and spreading impact of Affluent and environmental pollution on humans is the mission of this essay. Although this malady might once have been labeled stress or greed, studies demonstrate that the syndrome of Affluent is much more complex. It is related to many of the social and environmental problems that exist today, either as a cause, a result, or both. If this problem continues there will be serious consequences. Some of the impacts include tremendous cost of pollution cleanup and prevention. It also has a dramatic effect on natural resources in forests, wetlands and rivers are just a few of our natural resources. These resources perform different tasks. All are vital services for the Earth. They enhance air and water quality, provide habitats for plants and animals and provide food. Simply put we live of them o if we continue to damage our lifelines we will have a hard enough job staying alive never mind all the other jobs we have to do. According to Former Harvard Business School marketing professor David Shorten, The whole corporate system and the cause of globalization are increasingly geared toward bringing every country into the consumer system. Theres a very strong emphasis on trying to reach children to reshape their values from the very beginning to convince them that progress is defined by what they consume. (Science Magazine, 29) It is of great importance to understand the symptoms of Affluent: shopping ever, chronic stress, hyper commercialism, material boys and girls (marketing to and consumption by children), a rash of bankruptcies, fractured families, social scars (a loss of community), and global infection (socially and environmentally unsustainable practice). Dennis and Hamilton, 1 75) For each symptom, there are several examples, like, under global infection we learn that one fifth of the worlds people live in absolute poverty, that since 1 950 residents of the United States alone have used more resources than all people who have lived on earth before them, and that each citizen uses 20 ions of resources a year. Social columnist Jeremy Riffing says during the nineteenth century, consumption itself (tuberculosis) considered as a bad thing. A quick review of the notion of simplicity in culture describes the interest in simple living at the turn of the 20th century, the involuntary simplicity of the Great Depression, the post-World War II consumer boom fueled by government-housing and highway policies, the counterculture movement of the 1 9605 and 1 9705, and Jimmy Carters 1979 speech in which he criticized the increasing materialism of the society. But as Shih suitably observes, part of Jimmy Carters failure was his lack of recognition of how deep and widespread the consumer culture had become. (Dennis and Hamilton, 158) Although the attention devoted to voluntary simplicity is more extensive than that devoted to any of the symptoms of affluent, it only begins to give a feel for what a simpler lifestyle might entail. The researchers recognize that Affluent could only provide an introduction to voluntary simplicity and are at work on a follow-up program, originally titled Living Better on Less. As mentioned by Dennis, Th ere is absolutely no way everyone can live at our tankard of affluence. Consumption threatens to devour world resources within a single lifetime. (Dennis and Hamilton, 124) Attention to this issue will only increase in the future. When simpler, less consumptive lifestyle will be seen as a possible cure for the various problems and simplicity will grow as a lifestyle choice and as a social movement. According to a national environmental group, due to air pollution, probability is high that infants and kids will develop cancer in later years of their lives. Due to air pollution, toxic chemicals are mixed with childrens cereal and thus can cause cancer, but the overspent are not paying enough attention to this issue so far. Science Magazine, 29) Conclusion and Recommendation It feels that all kinds of environmental pollution can be reduced or ultimately stopped once and for all by controlling Affluent. Every individual must look at Earth as being someone or something really special to us. Look after this like a child. Love it and care for it as if it were your own. No one should trash it or take advantage of it. However if this problem of abuse towards our world continues it is inevitable that it will get back at us in the future. Perhaps owner rather than later, reducing or stopping pollution for the soul purpose of saving our Earth is a simple task. Everyone should get involved, rich or poor, healthy or sick. If more people take part in the programs already out there then it might not be too late. However someday in the future (maybe not in our lifetime) the Earth will decide it has had enough and that will be the end of everything, as we know it. If Earth dies it will surely take us with it. Just remember that when youre holding a wrapper or an empty can in you hand and there is no bin about that our fate is in our hands. As suggested by Scott Simon earth could support the worlds population at nearly our living standards if we revised many of our consumption and spending habits. However, some argue that even at dramatically reduced levels of consumption and increased levels of productive echo-efficiency, human population must be reduced to achieve a sustainable future. Many more argue that revising spending and consumption habits as the proponents of voluntary simplicity suggest will in fact destroy Our current standard of livi ng. The challenge that Affluent so nicely poses for the latter group is whether society should choose to emphasize quantity or quality of life.